SCHOOLS & ULPAN PROGRAMS IN

ISRAEL

A Comprehensive Guide for New Immigrants and Families

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.        The Israeli Education System: Overview

2.        Types of Schools

3.        Choosing the Right School

4.        School Enrollment Process

5.        Costs and Financial Considerations

6.        Ulpan Programs for Adults

7.        Hebrew Learning for Children

8.        Special Education and Support Services

9.        Higher Education

10.     Practical Considerations and Tips

1.   THE ISRAELI EDUCATION SYSTEM: OVERVIEW

Structure and Levels

Educational Stages

Early Childhood (Ages 0-3):

ï           Daycare/Nursery (Maon - מעון)

ï           Private or subsidized

ï           Not part of formal education system

ï           Primarily childcare, some educational activities

Preschool/Kindergarten:

ï           Ages 3-6

ï           Compulsory from age 3 (since 2012)

ï           Free in public system

ï           Gan (גן) - kindergarten

ï           Focus on socialization, play-based learning, Hebrew

Elementary School (Beit Sefer Yesodi - יסודי ספר בית):

ï           Grades 1-6 (Ages 6-12)

ï           Compulsory

ï           Free in public system

ï           Core subjects: Hebrew, math, science, English (from grade 3), Judaism/civics, art, music, PE

Middle School (Chativa Benayim - בינים חטיבה):

ï           Grades 7-9 (Ages 12-15)

ï           Sometimes integrated with high school

ï           Compulsory

ï           Free in public system

ï           Introduction to more specialized subjects

High School (Chativa Elyona - עליונה חטיבה):

ï           Grades 10-12 (Ages 15-18)

ï           Compulsory

ï           Free in public system

ï           Track system (academic, technological, vocational)

ï           Prepares for Bagrut exams (matriculation)

Key Characteristics

Compulsory Education

ï           Ages 3-18 (2007 law extended to age 18)

ï           Enforced by truancy laws

ï           Parents responsible for ensuring attendance

School Year

ï           **Start: **September 1

ï           **End: **June 20-30 (varies)

ï           **Structure: **Two semesters

ï           **Holidays: **Jewish holidays (extensive), summer break (July-August)

School Day

ï           **Elementary: **8:00am-1:00pm or 2:00pm (varies)

ï           **Middle/High School: **8:00am-2:00pm or 3:00pm

ï           Shorter than many countries

ï           Long day programs (Yom Aroch - ארוך יום) available at extra cost

Language of Instruction

ï           **Hebrew: **Vast majority of schools

ï           **Arabic: **Arab sector schools

ï           **English: **International schools (expensive)

ï           **Russian, French, Amharic: **Some specialized programs

Religious Character

ï           Varies by school type (see Types of Schools section)

ï           Parents choose based on preference

ï           Affects curriculum, schedule, atmosphere

Standards and Assessment

Bagrut (בגרות) - Matriculation Certificate

What It Is:

ï           National high school exit exams

ï           Similar to A-levels (UK), Abitur (Germany), Baccalaureate

ï           Required for university admission

ï           Taken in grades 11-12

Subjects Tested:

ï           Hebrew

ï           English

ï           Math (3-5 units, higher = more advanced)

ï           Bible/Literature

ï           History/Civics

ï           Science (Biology, Chemistry, Physics)

ï           Electives

Levels:

ï           Measured in "units" (yechidot limmud - לימוד יחידות)

ï           3 units = basic

ï           4-5 units = advanced

ï           Total: Minimum 21 units required for certificate

ï           Most aim for 25-30+ units

Importance:

ï           University admission requirements vary (often need specific subjects at 5 units)

ï           Affects military placement

ï           Impacts career opportunities

ï           Universities accept international credentials (SAT, A-levels, IB) from olim

For New Immigrant Students:

ï           Can receive accommodations (extended time, dictionaries)

ï           May take modified exams

ï           Some subjects waived or substituted

ï           Universities often accept foreign credentials instead

MEITZAV (ב"מיצ) - National Assessment

What It Is:

ï           Standardized tests in elementary/middle school

ï           Not high-stakes (doesn't affect student advancement)

ï           Measures school/system performance

ï           Given in grades 5 and 8

Governance

Ministry of Education

ï           Sets national curriculum

ï           Funds public schools

ï           Licenses teachers

ï           Establishes standards

ï           Oversees testing

Local Municipalities

ï           Manage school buildings

ï           Handle enrollment

ï           Provide additional funding

ï           Some decision-making authority

Individual Schools

ï           Limited autonomy

ï           Principal and staff

ï           Parent committees

2.   TYPES OF SCHOOLS

Public School Systems (Free)

State Schools (Mamlachti - ממלכתי)

Characteristics:

ï           Secular or "general" public schools

ï           Largest system (~60% of Jewish students)

ï           Teach Judaism as culture/history, not religion

ï           Co-educational

ï           No required religious observance

ï           Shabbat observed (school closed)

ï           Jewish holidays celebrated culturally

Curriculum:

ï           Standard national curriculum

ï           Hebrew literature and Bible (as literature)

ï           Jewish history and tradition

ï           Science, math, English, humanities

ï           No mandatory prayer

ï           Gender-neutral approach

Who Chooses This:

ï           Secular families

ï           Traditional but not religious families

ï           Families wanting academic focus over religious observance

ï           Olim from non-religious backgrounds

ï           Mixed religious families

Atmosphere:

ï           Academic focus

ï           More liberal/progressive (relatively)

ï           Diverse student body

ï           Less religious ritual

ï           More similar to Western secular schools

State-Religious Schools (Mamlachti Dati - דתי ממלכתי)

Characteristics:

ï           Religious public schools

ï           ~20% of Jewish students

ï           Religious Zionist orientation

ï           Co-educational (mostly) or gender-separated

ï           Combines religious and secular studies

ï           Observes Jewish law (halacha)

Curriculum:

ï           Enhanced Jewish studies (Torah, Talmud, Jewish law)

ï           Daily prayer (tefillah)

ï           Standard secular subjects (math, science, English)

ï           Religious values integrated throughout

ï           More hours of Jewish studies than state schools

Who Chooses This:

ï           Religious Zionist families

ï           Modern Orthodox families

ï           Families wanting strong Jewish identity education

ï           Traditional families seeking religious framework

ï           Some olim from Orthodox backgrounds

Atmosphere:

ï           Religious observance expected

ï           Prayer services

ï           Kosher food only

ï           Modest dress codes

ï           Shabbat and holiday observance central

ï           Zionist values emphasized

Variations:

ï           Some more liberal/modern

ï           Some more stringent

ï           Check individual school philosophy

Ultra-Orthodox Schools (Chinuch Atzmai - עצמאי חינוך)

Characteristics:

ï           Haredi (ultra-Orthodox) education system

ï           Autonomous system within Ministry of Education

ï           Separate boys and girls schools

ï           Heavy emphasis on religious studies

ï           Limited secular studies (especially for boys)

Boys' Schools:

ï           Primarily Torah study

ï           Talmud focus

ï           Minimal math, science, English

ï           Prepares for yeshiva study, not university

ï           Often no Bagrut exams

Girls' Schools:

ï           More balanced curriculum

ï           Religious studies plus secular subjects

ï           Often prepare for Bagrut

ï           Career preparation included

Who Chooses This:

ï           Haredi families

ï           Ultra-Orthodox communities

ï           Rarely chosen by new immigrants unless already ultra-Orthodox

Important Note:

ï           Boys often lack skills for job market

ï           Limited university preparation

ï           Controversial in Israeli society

ï           Not recommended for families wanting children to integrate into broader society

Arab Schools

Characteristics:

ï           Arabic-language instruction

ï           Separate system for Arab citizens

ï           Muslim, Christian, and Druze schools

ï           Own curriculum (with some overlap with Hebrew system)

Curriculum:

ï           Arabic language and literature

ï           Arab history and culture

ï           Islam (Muslim schools) or Christianity (Christian schools)

ï           Hebrew as second language (from elementary)

ï           Standard math, science

ï           Bagrut exams in Arabic

Who Attends:

ï           Arab citizens of Israel

ï           Rarely an option for Jewish olim (language barrier)

Semi-Private and Private Schools

Democratic Schools (Batei Sefer Demokratim - דמוקרטיים ספר בתי)

Philosophy:

ï           Student-centered education

ï           Students choose their learning

ï           Self-directed education

ï           Democratic decision-making (students vote on rules)

ï           No mandatory curriculum

ï           No grades or formal testing

Examples:

ï           Hadera Democratic School

ï           Jerusalem Democratic School

ï           Several others throughout Israel

Cost:

ï           Tuition required: ₪1,000-3,000/month (~$270-810)

ï           Some scholarships available

Who Chooses This:

ï           Progressive families

ï           Families rejecting traditional education

ï           Students who struggled in conventional schools

ï           Alternative education advocates

Pros:

ï           Student autonomy

ï           Flexible learning

ï           Creative environment

ï           Small class sizes

ï           Individualized attention

Cons:

ï           Expensive

ï           No Bagrut preparation (usually)

ï           Not recognized by all universities

ï           Social integration challenges

ï           Limited locations

ï           Experimental approach not for everyone

**Important: **Students typically don't take Bagrut exams, which limits university options in Israel (foreign universities more flexible).

Anthroposophical (Waldorf) Schools

Philosophy:

ï           Based on Rudolf Steiner's educational philosophy

ï           Holistic education (head, heart, hands)

ï           Arts-integrated curriculum

ï           No technology in early years

ï           Nature-based learning

ï           Developmental stages approach

Locations:

ï           Handful in Israel (Jerusalem, Tel Aviv area, Harduf)

Cost:

ï           Tuition: ₪2,000-4,000/month (~$540-1,080)

Who Chooses This:

ï           Families aligned with Waldorf philosophy

ï           Arts-oriented families

ï           Nature-focused families

ï           Alternative education seekers

Montessori Schools

Philosophy:

ï           Self-directed learning

ï           Hands-on activities

ï           Mixed-age classrooms

ï           Prepared environment

ï           Freedom within limits

Availability:

ï           Limited in Israel (mainly preschool/early elementary)

ï           Growing but still rare

Cost:

ï           Varies, typically ₪2,000-4,000/month (~$540-1,080)

Religious Private Schools

Various Options:

ï           American-style Orthodox schools

ï           Anglo-focused religious schools

ï           Specific community schools (Chabad, Sephardic, etc.)

Examples:

ï           Pelech (Jerusalem) - Religious girls high school

ï           Himmelfarb (Jerusalem) - Religious boys high school

ï           Various others in religious communities

Cost:

ï           ₪1,000-5,000/month (~$270-1,350)

ï           Varies widely

International Schools (English Language)

Overview:

ï           English language instruction

ï           International curriculum (IB, American, British)

ï           NOT free (expensive private schools)

ï           Popular with diplomats, expat families, short-term residents

International School of Herzliya (ISH) Details:

ï           Location: Herzliya

ï           Grades: Pre-K through 12

ï           Curriculum: IB (International Baccalaureate)

ï           Language: English

ï           Cost: $15,000-25,000/year (~₪55,000-92,000)

Who Attends:

ï           Expat families

ï           Diplomats

ï           English-speaking olim who want international education

ï           Families planning to return abroad

ï           High-earning professionals

Walworth Barbour American International School (WBAIS) Details:

ï           Location: Even Yehuda (near Netanya)

ï           Grades: K-12

ï           Curriculum: American

ï           Language: English

ï           Cost: $18,000-28,000/year (~₪66,000-103,000)

Who Attends:

ï           American families

ï           Diplomats

ï           International business families

ï           US government employees (subsidies available)

Tabeetha School (Jaffa) Details:

ï           Location: Jaffa

ï           Grades: Nursery through 12

ï           Curriculum: Scottish system

ï           Language: English

ï           Cost: $10,000-18,000/year (~₪37,000-66,000)

ï           One of the oldest schools in Israel (founded 1863)

Other International Schools:

ï           Jerusalem American International School (JAIS)

ï           Kfar Silver International School

ï           British International School Jerusalem

ï           Various others

Considerations for International Schools: Pros:

ï           English instruction

ï           Familiar curriculum

ï           International credentials (IB, American diploma)

ï           Easier adjustment for new immigrants

ï           University abroad preparation

ï           Expat community

Cons:

ï           Very expensive (₪60,000-100,000+/year per child)

ï           Limits integration into Israeli society

ï           Children may not learn Hebrew well

ï           Social circle limited to expat community

ï           Not sustainable long-term for most families

ï           Limited Israeli cultural immersion

When to Consider:

ï           Short-term stay in Israel (2-3 years)

ï           Planning to return abroad for university

ï           Family can afford comfortably

ï           Child has severe learning difficulties in Hebrew

ï           Late teen arrival (easier to finish in English)

When NOT to Consider:

ï           Planning permanent aliyah

ï           Want children to integrate into Israeli society

ï           Hebrew fluency important

ï           Cannot comfortably afford

ï           Younger children (better to learn Hebrew early)

Specialized Schools

ORT Schools

What They Are:

ï           Technological/vocational focus

ï           Part of World ORT network

ï           STEM emphasis

ï           Prepare for both Bagrut and technical careers

Characteristics:

ï           High-quality education

ï           State schools (free) or some semi-private

ï           Engineering, computers, sciences

ï           Strong matriculation rates

ï           Job market preparation

Who Chooses:

ï           STEM-oriented students

ï           Families wanting practical education

ï           Students interested in technology careers

Arts Schools

Examples:

ï           Thelma Yellin High School (Givatayim) - Performing arts

ï           Amal (various locations) - Arts and sciences

ï           Various music conservatories

Characteristics:

ï           Audition-based admission

ï           Intensive arts training

ï           Academic studies alongside arts

ï           Prepares for professional arts careers

Military Prep Schools (Mechinot)

What They Are:

ï           Pre-military preparatory programs

ï           Gap year before army service

ï           Academic and physical preparation

ï           Religious or secular options

For Olim:

ï           Special mechina programs for new immigrants

ï           Hebrew improvement

ï           Israeli culture and society

ï           Military preparation

ï           Makes IDF service more successful

3.   CHOOSING THE RIGHT SCHOOL

Factors to Consider

Age of Children

Very Young Children (Ages 3-8):

ï           **Recommendation: **Hebrew-language school (state or state-religious)

ï           Reasoning:

◦           Young children learn Hebrew rapidly

◦           Critical period for language acquisition

◦           Full integration possible

◦           Social development in Hebrew-speaking environment

◦           By end of first year, typically fluent in Hebrew

ï           **International School: **Only if short-term stay (under 2 years)

Elementary Age (Ages 9-12):

ï           **Recommendation: **Hebrew-language school with support

ï           Reasoning:

◦           Still good age for language acquisition

◦           Takes 1-2 years to become fluent

◦           Social integration important at this age

◦           Foundation for high school success

ï           **Support Needed: **Intensive ulpan, tutoring, patience

ï           **International School: **Consider if arriving at age 11-12 and family very concerned

Middle School (Ages 12-15):

ï           Complicated Age:

◦           Language learning slower

◦           Social challenges (critical age for peer relationships)

◦           Academic content more complex

◦           But still possible with support

ï           Options:

◦           Hebrew school with strong support system

◦           Consider starting in easier school, transferring to better one after Hebrew improves

◦           International school if planning to leave Israel for university

ï           **Success Factors: **Motivation, support, time

High School (Ages 15-18):

ï           Very Challenging:

◦           Bagrut exams in Hebrew

◦           Complex academic content

◦           Limited time to learn language

◦           Social integration difficult

◦           Pressure to prepare for university/military

ï           Realistic Options:

◦           International school (if can afford)

◦           Hebrew school if teen highly motivated and received intensive ulpan

◦           Consider delaying high school for intensive ulpan year

◦           Accept modified Bagrut or alternative credentials

◦           Plan for university abroad (accept foreign credentials)

Length of Stay

Short-Term (1-3 years):

ï           International school makes sense

ï           Minimizes disruption

ï           Maintains home country curriculum

ï           Easier return transition

Medium-Term (3-7 years):

ï           Depends on age of children

ï           Younger children: Hebrew school (they'll adapt)

ï           Older children: Consider international school if returning for university abroad

Permanent/Long-Term:

ï           Hebrew school strongly recommended

ï           Integration essential

ï           Future in Israel (military, university, career)

ï           Social connections

ï           Cultural fluency

Financial Considerations

Budget is Not a Constraint:

ï           More options available

ï           Can consider international schools

ï           Private tutoring, ulpan programs

ï           Supplementary programs

Budget is Limited:

ï           Focus on free public schools

ï           Maximize government-subsidized ulpan

ï           Utilize school support services

ï           Creative solutions (language partners, online resources)

Location

Urban Centers (Tel Aviv, Jerusalem, Haifa):

ï           More school options

ï           International schools available

ï           Better ulpan programs

ï           More support services

ï           Diverse communities

Smaller Cities:

ï           Fewer options

ï           Limited international schools

ï           May need to choose from available local schools

ï           Often strong community support

ï           Lower cost of living offsets some limitations

Rural/Settlement Areas:

ï           Very limited options

ï           Often single school serving area

ï           Strong community (can be pro or con)

ï           May need boarding school for high school

ï           Limited ulpan resources

Religious Observance

Secular Families:

ï           State schools (mamlachti)

ï           Democratic schools

ï           International schools

Traditional (Masorti):

ï           State schools or state-religious (either can work)

ï           Depends on desired level of religious education

Religious Zionist (Modern Orthodox):

ï           State-religious schools (mamlachti dati)

ï           Religious private schools

ï           ORT religious schools

Ultra-Orthodox:

ï           Charedi schools (chinuch atzmai)

ï           Community-specific schools

Interfaith/Mixed:

ï           State schools (most welcoming)

ï           International schools

ï           Consider school's cultural sensitivity

Learning Style and Needs

Traditional Learners:

ï           Most public schools work well

Special Education Needs:

ï           See Special Education section

ï           Assess school's support services

ï           Individual Education Plans available

Gifted Students:

ï           Gifted programs exist in some schools

ï           Consider school's academic level

ï           Enrichment programs available

Alternative Learning Styles:

ï           Democratic schools

ï           Waldorf schools

ï           Montessori (limited availability)

ï           Consider fit carefully

Social Considerations

Community:

ï           Which community do you want child integrated into?

ï           Anglo community (international school)

ï           Israeli society (Hebrew school)

ï           Specific religious community

Friendships:

ï           Language of friendships

ï           Cultural environment

ï           Peer group values

Future:

ï           Where will child likely live as adult?

ï           What skills needed?

ï           Cultural identity goals

School Quality Indicators

Academic Performance

ï           Bagrut pass rates

ï           Average units earned

ï           University admission rates

ï           Comparison to similar schools

Resources

ï           Class sizes

ï           Teacher qualifications

ï           Facilities

ï           Technology

ï           Libraries

ï           Extracurricular offerings

Support Services

ï           Counselors

ï           Learning specialists

ï           Ulpan/Hebrew support

ï           Special education

ï           Social workers

Atmosphere

ï           Visit the school

ï           Observe students and teachers

ï           Talk to parents

ï           Check online reviews

ï           Trust your instincts

Questions to Ask When Visiting Schools

Logistics:

ï           [ ] What are school hours?

ï           [ ] Transportation options?

ï           [ ] After-school programs?

ï           [ ] Vacation calendar?

ï           [ ] Lunch arrangements?

Academics:

ï           [ ] Curriculum overview?

ï           [ ] Language of instruction?

ï           [ ] Class sizes?

ï           [ ] Teacher-student ratios?

ï           [ ] Homework load?

ï           [ ] Testing and assessment?

ï           [ ] Bagrut preparation (high school)?

Support for New Immigrants:

ï           [ ] Experience with olim children?

ï           [ ] Hebrew support (ulpan in school)?

ï           [ ] Cultural adjustment support?

ï           [ ] Buddy system?

ï           [ ] Communication in English with parents?

ï           [ ] Flexibility for adjustment period?

Social:

ï           [ ] School culture and values?

ï           [ ] Bullying policies?

ï           [ ] Diversity of student body?

ï           [ ] Social activities?

ï           [ ] Parent involvement?

Practical:

ï           [ ] Costs (beyond tuition if private)?

ï           [ ] Uniform requirements?

ï           [ ] Supplies needed?

ï           [ ] Enrollment process?

ï           [ ] Waiting lists?

ï           [ ] Trial period possible?

4.   SCHOOL ENROLLMENT PROCESS

Public Schools (State and State-Religious)

Registration Process

Step 1: Determine Catchment Area

ï           Public schools have geographical zones (tacham reshut - רשות תחום)

ï           Must register at school serving your address

ï           Proof of residence required

Step 2: Gather Required Documents

ï           [ ] Child's passport or ID

ï           [ ] Teudat Oleh (immigrant certificate) or Teudat Zehut (Israeli ID)

ï           [ ] Parent's ID

ï           [ ] Proof of address (rental contract, utility bill, arnona receipt)

ï           [ ] Previous school records (translated to Hebrew)

ï           [ ] Vaccination records

ï           [ ] Birth certificate

ï           [ ] Medical information (if relevant)

ï           [ ] Photos (passport size, usually 2-3)

Step 3: Contact School

ï           Call or visit school office

ï           Schedule appointment

ï           Ask about enrollment process

ï           Inquire about support services for new immigrants

Step 4: Complete Registration

ï           Fill out registration forms (usually in Hebrew - bring translator if needed)

ï           Submit documents

ï           Discuss child's needs and background

ï           Arrange placement testing if needed

ï           Schedule start date

Step 5: Prepare Child

ï           Orientation visit if possible

ï           Meet teacher

ï           See classroom

ï           Discuss expectations

ï           Address child's concerns

Timeline:

ï           Registration typically opens: March-May for September start

ï           New immigrants: Can register year-round as spots available

ï           Process: 1-4 weeks typically

Placement

Age-Based:

ï           Children placed in grades according to age

ï           Birth year determines grade level

ï           Rare to be held back or advanced

Class Assignment:

ï           School decides class placement

ï           Usually random or balanced by ability

ï           Some schools have tracked classes (by ability level)

ï           Parents have limited input

For New Immigrants:

ï           Initial placement may be temporary

ï           Assessment period to determine appropriate level

ï           May start in lower grade if Hebrew is very limited (rare, usually age-appropriate placement)

ï           Support services arranged

Private and International Schools

Application Process

Much More Involved:

1.              Research and Selection:

◦                    Visit schools

◦                    Attend open houses

◦                    Request information packets

2.              Application Submission:

◦                    Detailed application forms

◦                    Previous school transcripts

◦                    Teacher recommendations

◦                    Student essays/statements (older children)

◦                    Testing/assessments

◦                    Application fee (₪200-1,000 / ~$54-270)

3.              Admissions Assessment:

◦                    Entrance exams (academic)

◦                    Language proficiency tests

◦                    Interviews (child and parents)

◦                    School visit/shadow day

4.              Decision:

◦                    Competitive admission

◦                    Not all applicants accepted

◦                    Waiting lists possible

5.              Enrollment:

◦                    Accept offer

◦                    Pay deposit (₪5,000-15,000 / ~$1,350-4,050)

◦                    Complete registration

◦                    Pay tuition (various schedules)

Timeline:

ï           Apply: Fall/winter for following September

ï           Deadlines: December-February typically

ï           Decisions: February-April

ï           Waiting lists: Into summer

International Schools:

ï           Year-round applications sometimes accepted

ï           More flexible for mid-year enrollment

ï           Depends on space availability

Special Circumstances

Mid-Year Enrollment

ï           Possible but more challenging

ï           Less class availability

ï           Child joins established class dynamics

ï           May be better to wait for new school year if possible

ï           But if arriving mid-year, schools will accommodate

Transfer Between Schools

ï           Need approval from both schools

ï           Usually possible if space available

ï           Documents needed (similar to initial enrollment)

ï           Timing considerations (avoid disrupting academic year)

Siblings

ï           Public schools: No sibling preference necessarily

ï           Private schools: Often sibling preference

ï           International schools: Usually sibling preference

5.   COSTS AND FINANCIAL CONSIDERATIONS

Public Schools (State and State-Religious)

"Free" Tuition

ï           No tuition charged

ï           Funded by government

ï           All Israeli citizens and permanent residents

ï           New immigrants (olim) included

What You DO Pay For:

Mandatory Costs:

School Fees (Dmei Horeh - הורה דמי):

ï           ₪100-300/month (~$27-81)

ï           Covers: Activities, materials, field trips, events

ï           Required by law to be minimal

ï           Schools cannot refuse enrollment for non-payment (but will pressure)

Textbooks:

ï           ₪500-1,500/year (~$135-405)

ï           Depends on grade level

ï           Can be purchased new or used

ï           Sometimes shared/reused within school

School Supplies:

ï           ₪200-500/year (~$54-135)

ï           Notebooks, pencils, art supplies, etc.

ï           List provided by teacher at start of year

Transportation:

ï           If school is beyond walking distance

ï           School bus: ₪200-400/month (~$54-108)

ï           OR public transportation: Rav-Kav (monthly student pass) ~₪200 (~$54)

ï           Some municipalities subsidize transportation

Optional Costs:

Extended Day Programs (Yom Aroch - ארוך יום):

ï           ₪500-1,200/month (~$135-325)

ï           After regular school hours (usually 1pm-4pm)

ï           Includes: Lunch, activities, homework supervision

ï           Popular among working parents

Hot Lunch Program:

ï           ₪200-400/month (~$54-108)

ï           If not part of extended day

ï           Alternative: Send packed lunch (most common)

After-School Activities (Chugim - חוגים):

ï           ₪150-400/month per activity (~$40-108)

ï           Sports, music, art, drama, etc.

ï           Through school or external

Field Trips (Tiyulim - טיולים):

ï           ₪50-500 per trip (~$14-135)

ï           Several per year

ï           Educational visits throughout Israel

ï           Optional but highly encouraged

Private Tutoring (if needed):

ï           ₪100-300/hour (~$27-81)

ï           For Hebrew, subjects, or test prep

Total Estimated Annual Cost (Public School):

ï           Minimal: ₪5,000-8,000 (~$1,350-2,160) per child

ï           Typical: ₪10,000-15,000 (~$2,700-4,050) per child

ï           With all extras: ₪15,000-25,000 (~$4,050-6,750) per child

Private and International Schools

Tuition

Democratic/Alternative Schools:

ï           ₪12,000-36,000/year (~$3,240-9,720)

ï           Varies by school

ï           Some scholarships available

Religious Private Schools:

ï           ₪12,000-60,000/year (~$3,240-16,200)

ï           Wide range depending on school

International Schools:

ï           ₪55,000-100,000+/year (~$14,850-27,000+)

ï           Equivalent to $15,000-28,000/year

ï           Among most expensive in world

Additional Costs

ï           Registration fees: ₪500-5,000 (~$135-1,350)

ï           Capital/building fees: ₪5,000-15,000 (~$1,350-4,050) one-time or annually

ï           Books and materials: ₪1,000-3,000 (~$270-810)

ï           Uniforms: ₪500-1,500 (~$135-405)

ï           Transportation: ₪500-1,200/month (~$135-325)

ï           Lunch: ₪400-800/month (~$108-216)

ï           Activities and trips: ₪2,000-10,000/year (~$540-2,700)

ï           Technology fees: ₪500-2,000 (~$135-540)

Total Annual Cost (International School):

ï           ₪70,000-130,000+ per child (~$18,900-35,100+)

ï           For multiple children, some sibling discounts

Financial Assistance

For Public Schools

Ministry of Education Assistance:

ï           For families in financial distress

ï           Can apply for waiver of school fees

ï           Reduced cost for extended day programs

ï           Free or subsidized transportation

ï           Apply through school social worker or municipality

Municipal Programs:

ï           Some cities offer subsidies

ï           After-school activities subsidies

ï           Summer camp subsidies

ï           Income-based eligibility

New Immigrant Benefits:

ï           Some municipalities offer first-year assistance for olim

ï           Discounted or free Hebrew tutoring

ï           School integration support

ï           Check with local absorption center (minhal klita)

For Private/International Schools

Scholarships:

ï           Most private schools offer need-based scholarships

ï           Some merit-based scholarships

ï           Application required (financial disclosure)

ï           Competitive

Sliding Scale Tuition:

ï           Some schools offer based on income

ï           Apply during admissions process

ï           Varies widely by school

Employer Subsidies:

ï           Some international companies subsidize international school tuition

ï           Diplomats often receive full coverage

ï           Check with employer

Tax Deductions

Children's Education:

ï           Can claim certain educational expenses on taxes

ï           After-school programs

ï           Summer camps

ï           Tutoring (with conditions)

ï           Limits on amounts

ï           Keep all receipts

ï           Accountant can advise

6.   ULPAN PROGRAMS FOR ADULTS

What is Ulpan?

Definition:

ï           Intensive Hebrew language instruction program

ï           Specifically designed for new immigrants

ï           Immersive approach

ï           Focus on practical, conversational Hebrew

ï           Grammar, vocabulary, reading, writing

ï           Israeli culture and society

**Etymology: **From Hebrew "להתאלפן" (lehitalfen) - to become familiar/conversant

Types of Ulpan

Ulpan Etzion (Ministry of Aliyah)

Overview:

ï           Government-funded ulpan for new immigrants

ï           Free or heavily subsidized

ï           Most common type

ï           Available throughout Israel

Levels:

ï           Aleph (א) - Absolute beginner

ï           Bet (ב) - Beginner

ï           Gimel (ג) - Intermediate

ï           Placement test determines level

Duration:

ï           5 months (standard)

ï           Ulpan Plus: 8-10 months (more intensive)

Schedule:

ï           Full-time: 5 days/week, mornings (8:30am-1:30pm typically)

ï           Part-time: 2-3 evenings/week (for working adults)

ï           Ulpan Aleph: 27 hours/week

Eligibility:

ï           New immigrants (olim)

ï           Within 3 years of aliyah (sometimes extended)

ï           One-time benefit (can sometimes request second ulpan if first unsuccessful)

ï           Must be 17+

Cost:

ï           Free for eligible new immigrants

ï           Textbooks: ~₪200 (~$54)

ï           Small registration fee possible

Stipend:

ï           Some ulpan programs offer monthly stipend

ï           ₪1,200-1,500/month (~$325-405)

ï           To offset living expenses during study

ï           Not all programs offer this

ï           Conditions apply (attendance requirements)

How to Register:

ï           Through Ministry of Aliyah

ï           Contact local absorption center (minhal klita)

ï           Apply during aliyah process or after arrival

ï           Placement test scheduled

ï           Assign to nearest available program

Locations:

ï           Throughout Israel (most cities)

ï           Some kibbutzim

ï           Urban centers have multiple options

Kibbutz Ulpan

Overview:

ï           Hebrew study + working on kibbutz

ï           Immersive experience

ï           Live on kibbutz during program

ï           Popular with young adults

Duration:

ï           5-6 months

Schedule:

ï           Hebrew classes: Mornings (3-4 hours)

ï           Work on kibbutz: Afternoons (3-4 hours)

ï           Agriculture, kitchen, factory, etc.

Eligibility:

ï           Ages 18-35 typically

ï           New immigrants

ï           Some programs accept non-immigrants (different terms)

Cost:

ï           Subsidized for olim

ï           Room and board included

ï           Small fee for non-olim

Benefits:

ï           Immersive Hebrew environment

ï           Cultural experience

ï           Community living

ï           Meet other olim

ï           Israeli society exposure

ï           Room and board included

Challenges:

ï           Physical work required

ï           Remote locations (some kibbutzim)

ï           Communal living

ï           Less personal freedom

ï           Slower-paced lifestyle

How to Apply:

ï           Through Ministry of Aliyah

ï           Through kibbutz movement offices

ï           Specific kibbutz ulpan programs

Popular Kibbutz Ulpanim:

ï           Kibbutz Ein HaShofet

ï           Kibbutz Tuval

ï           Kibbutz Ginosar

ï           Kibbutz Lotan

ï           Many others

Private Ulpan Programs

Overview:

ï           For-profit Hebrew schools

ï           Flexible scheduling

ï           Smaller classes

ï           Can be more intensive

ï           No government funding (expensive)

Who Uses Them:

ï           People not eligible for free ulpan

ï           Those wanting more flexible schedule

ï           Tourists learning Hebrew

ï           Those who exhausted government-funded ulpan

ï           People wanting intensive/accelerated program

ï           Those preferring private instruction quality

Types:

ï           Group classes

ï           Private tutoring

ï           Online programs

ï           Customized programs

Popular Private Ulpanim:

Ulpan Aviv (Tel Aviv, Jerusalem):

ï           Intensive programs

ï           Multiple levels

ï           Part-time and full-time

ï           Cost: ₪5,000-15,000 (~$1,350-4,050) for 5-month program

ï           Website: ulpanaviv.org.il

Ulpan Bayit (Multiple locations):

ï           Flexible scheduling

ï           Small groups

ï           Cultural activities

ï           Cost: ₪4,000-12,000 (~$1,080-3,240)

Ulpan Gordon (Tel Aviv):

ï           Near beach

ï           Social atmosphere

ï           Various programs

ï           Cost: ₪5,000-10,000 (~$1,350-2,700)

Ulpan Milah (Jerusalem):

ï           Religious and secular tracks

ï           Experienced teachers

ï           Cost: ₪5,000-12,000 (~$1,350-3,240)

Hebrew University Ulpan:

ï           Academic setting

ï           High-quality instruction

ï           University campus

ï           Cost: ₪6,000-15,000 (~$1,620-4,050)

University Ulpanim

Overview:

ï           Hebrew programs at Israeli universities

ï           Often preparation for academic studies

ï           Higher academic level

ï           More intensive

Universities Offering:

ï           Hebrew University (Jerusalem)

ï           Tel Aviv University

ï           Ben-Gurion University (Be'er Sheva)

ï           University of Haifa

ï           Bar-Ilan University

Programs:

ï           Pre-academic Hebrew (mechina)

ï           Summer intensive programs

ï           Semester programs

ï           Academic year programs

Levels:

ï           All levels offered

ï           Focus on academic Hebrew

ï           Reading comprehension

ï           Writing skills

ï           Formal language

Cost:

ï           ₪8,000-20,000 (~$2,160-5,400) per semester

ï           Varies by university and program

ï           Financial aid sometimes available

Who Should Consider:

ï           Planning to study at Israeli university

ï           Want academic-focused Hebrew

ï           Prefer university environment

ï           Need high-level Hebrew for professional purposes

Online Ulpan Programs

Growth:

ï           Expanded significantly during COVID-19

ï           Now widely available

ï           Good for remote areas or busy schedules

Options:

Live Online Classes:

ï           Real-time instruction

ï           Interactive

ï           Various platforms (Zoom, etc.)

ï           Offered by many ulpanim

Self-Paced Online:

ï           Video lessons

ï           Practice exercises

ï           Flexible timing

ï           Less interactive

Popular Online Programs:

ï           Ulpan La-Inyan

ï           eTeacher Hebrew

ï           Live Lingua

ï           Rosetta Stone Hebrew

ï           Duolingo (free, supplementary)

ï           HebrewPod101

Pros:

ï           Flexible schedule

ï           Study from anywhere

ï           Often more affordable

ï           Can review materials repeatedly

ï           Good for busy adults

Cons:

ï           Less immersive

ï           Requires self-discipline

ï           Limited speaking practice

ï           Less cultural exposure

ï           Easier to skip or fall behind

Choosing the Right Ulpan

Factors to Consider:

Your Situation:

ï           [ ] Employment status (can you attend full-time?)

ï           [ ] Family obligations (childcare during ulpan?)

ï           [ ] Budget (free government ulpan vs. private)

ï           [ ] Learning style (structured vs. flexible)

ï           [ ] Location (what's available near you?)

ï           [ ] Hebrew level (absolute beginner vs. some knowledge)

Program Characteristics:

ï           [ ] Intensity (hours per week)

ï           [ ] Duration (5 months vs. shorter/longer)

ï           [ ] Class size (large groups vs. small)

ï           [ ] Teaching method (immersive, grammar-focused, conversational)

ï           [ ] Schedule (day, evening, weekend)

ï           [ ] Cultural activities included?

ï           [ ] Childcare available?

Goals:

ï           Daily conversation?

ï           Professional Hebrew?

ï           Academic Hebrew?

ï           Reading/writing proficiency?

ï           Cultural integration?

Realistic Expectations

Hebrew Difficulty

ï           **Alphabet: **New script (22 letters)

ï           **Grammar: **Complex (gender, verb conjugations)

ï           **Pronunciation: **Guttural sounds unfamiliar to most

ï           **Vocabulary: **Semitic language (different roots from European languages)

ï           **Challenge Level: **Considered difficult for English speakers

Timeline to Fluency

After 5-Month Ulpan:

ï           Basic conversation

ï           Survival Hebrew (shopping, directions, simple interactions)

ï           Simple reading

ï           Limited vocabulary (~1,000-1,500 words)

ï           NOT fluent

After 1 Year (Ulpan + immersion):

ï           Functional conversational Hebrew

ï           Can handle daily tasks

ï           Understand much of what's said (if spoken slowly)

ï           Reading simple texts

ï           Still struggling with complex topics

ï           Vocabulary ~2,500-3,000 words

After 2-3 Years:

ï           Conversational fluency

ï           Can work in Hebrew (depending on job)

ï           Reading newspapers (with effort)

ï           Understand most conversations

ï           Still learning new vocabulary and expressions

ï           Vocabulary ~5,000-8,000 words

Near-Native (5+ years):

ï           Professional fluency

ï           Comfortable in all situations

ï           Reading complex texts

ï           Watching TV/movies without subtitles

ï           Still learning nuances, idioms, formal language

Reality Check:

ï           Most adults never achieve native-level fluency

ï           Accent typically remains

ï           Some always struggle with reading/writing

ï           But functional fluency is achievable with effort

ï           Immersion is key (using Hebrew daily)

Maximizing Ulpan Success

During Ulpan:

Attendance:

ï           Don't skip class (every class matters)

ï           Illness/emergency only

ï           Consistency crucial

Homework:

ï           Do all assignments

ï           Practice daily

ï           Review regularly

ï           Don't fall behind

Participation:

ï           Speak in class (don't be shy!)

ï           Make mistakes (it's how you learn)

ï           Ask questions

ï           Volunteer for activities

Practice Outside Class:

ï           Speak Hebrew whenever possible

ï           Watch Hebrew TV/movies

ï           Listen to Hebrew music/podcasts

ï           Read Hebrew (children's books initially)

ï           Change phone language to Hebrew

ï           Think in Hebrew

ï           Label items in your home (Hebrew vocabulary)

After Ulpan:

Continue Learning:

ï           Advanced ulpan if available

ï           Private tutoring

ï           Language exchange partners

ï           Online resources

ï           Hebrew conversation groups

Immersion:

ï           Force yourself to use Hebrew

ï           Shop in Hebrew

ï           Make Israeli friends

ï           Join activities in Hebrew

ï           Consume Hebrew media

ï           Avoid English-speaking bubble

Professional Help:

ï           Private tutor for specific needs

ï           Specialized courses (business Hebrew, medical Hebrew)

ï           Conversation practice

Support Services

Childcare During Ulpan

Some ulpanim offer:

ï           On-site childcare

ï           Subsidized childcare

ï           Childcare stipend

ï           Ask when applying

Alternatives:

ï           Family members

ï           Babysitter (₪30-50/hour)

ï           Daycare/preschool (child in gan while you study)

ï           Trade childcare with other ulpan parents

Learning Support

For Those Struggling:

ï           Extra tutoring offered by some programs

ï           Learning disabilities accommodations

ï           Slower-paced classes

ï           One-on-one assistance

7.   HEBREW LEARNING FOR CHILDREN

School-Based Hebrew Instruction

Integrated Ulpan (Ulpan Shelavim - שלבים אולפן)

What It Is:

ï           Hebrew instruction within regular school

ï           Pull-out program (child leaves class for Hebrew lessons)

ï           Intensive at first, gradually reduced

ï           Free (part of public school services)

ï           Standard support for immigrant children

Structure:

ï           **First months: **Several hours daily of Hebrew

ï           **After 3-6 months: **Reduced hours as Hebrew improves

ï           **After 1 year: **Minimal or no pull-out (integrated into class)

Reality:

ï           Quality varies by school

ï           Some schools excellent support, others minimal

ï           Depends on teacher quality

ï           Class size matters

ï           Parent involvement crucial

Dedicated Ulpan Classes

What It Is:

ï           Separate class entirely for immigrant children

ï           Intensive Hebrew for first months/year

ï           Gradual integration into regular classes

ï           Available in areas with many olim

Structure:

ï           Full-time ulpan class for first 3-6 months

ï           Transitional class (mix of ulpan and regular subjects)

ï           Full integration after Hebrew sufficient

Benefits:

ï           More intensive Hebrew instruction

ï           Peer group of other immigrant children (not alone)

ï           Teachers specialized in teaching Hebrew to immigrants

ï           Age-appropriate content

Challenges:

ï           Delayed integration with Israeli kids

ï           May fall behind in other subjects

ï           Not available in all areas

Supplementary Hebrew Programs

Private Hebrew Tutoring

When Needed:

ï           School support insufficient

ï           Child struggling

ï           Fast-track needed

ï           Specific learning needs

Cost:

ï           ₪100-300/hour (~$27-81)

ï           Typically 1-3 times/week

ï           Can add up (₪1,200-3,600/month)

Finding Tutors:

ï           School recommendations

ï           Olim Facebook groups

ï           Anglo List

ï           Nefesh B'Nefesh connections

ï           Local community centers

Hebrew Language Schools (After-School)

Options:

ï           Private Hebrew classes

ï           Small group instruction

ï           Specialized for immigrant children

ï           Cultural activities in Hebrew

Cost:

ï           ₪500-1,500/month (~$135-405)

Summer Intensive Programs

Hebrew Summer Camps:

ï           Immersive Hebrew environment

ï           Fun activities in Hebrew

ï           Peer interaction

ï           Accelerates learning

Specialized Summer Ulpan:

ï           Intensive Hebrew instruction

ï           Full-day programs

ï           4-8 weeks

ï           Significant progress possible

Cost:

ï           Day camps: ₪1,500-4,000/month (~$405-1,080)

ï           Sleepaway camps: ₪3,000-8,000/month (~$810-2,160)

ï           Some subsidies available for olim

Learning Hebrew by Age

Preschool/Kindergarten (Ages 3-6)

Experience:

ï           Youngest children learn fastest

ï           Typically fluent within 6-12 months

ï           Effortless language acquisition

ï           Play-based learning

ï           Minimal accent by age 6

What Parents Can Do:

ï           Enroll in Hebrew gan (kindergarten)

ï           Hebrew TV shows

ï           Hebrew music

ï           Playdates with Hebrew-speaking children

ï           Don't stress - they will learn naturally

Elementary School (Ages 6-12)

Experience:

ï           **Ages 6-8: **Still rapid acquisition, fluent within 1-2 years

ï           **Ages 9-12: **Slower but still good, takes 2-3 years for fluency

ï           School support critical

ï           Social motivation powerful

Challenges:

ï           Initial frustration (can't communicate)

ï           Academic content missed during Hebrew learning

ï           Social difficulties at first

ï           May resist (want to stay in English)

What Parents Can Do:

ï           Be patient and supportive

ï           Don't worry too much - kids are resilient

ï           Encourage Hebrew use at home

ï           Hebrew media consumption

ï           Playdates with Israeli children

ï           Celebrate small victories

ï           Additional support if needed (tutoring)

ï           Stay in contact with teacher

ï           Manage expectations (temporary struggle, long-term success)

Middle School (Ages 12-15)

Experience:

ï           More challenging than elementary

ï           Social pressures intense

ï           Academic gap concerns

ï           Takes 2-4 years for academic fluency

ï           Conversational fluency faster (1-2 years)

Critical Success Factors:

ï           Strong school support

ï           Motivated student

ï           Peer friendships

ï           Patient family

ï           Supplementary help

What Parents Can Do:

ï           Intensive Hebrew support (tutoring if needed)

ï           Monitor academic progress

ï           Close communication with school

ï           Consider starting in easier school, transferring up after Hebrew improves

ï           Manage expectations (this age is hard)

ï           Support social connections

ï           Maintain self-esteem (emphasize strengths)

ï           Consider gap year for intensive ulpan if arriving mid-high school

High School (Ages 15-18)

Reality:

ï           Very difficult to integrate into Hebrew high school if arriving with no Hebrew

ï           Bagrut exams in Hebrew

ï           Complex academic content

ï           Limited time

Options:

**1.        International school **(if affordable)

**2.        Intensive ulpan year before starting high school **(delay one year)

**3.        Modified Bagrut **(accommodations for new immigrants)

**4.        Accept alternative credentials **(SAT, AP, IB) for university

**5.        Vocational school **(less language-intensive than academic track)

What Parents Can Do:

ï           Realistic expectations

ï           Consider all options

ï           Don't assume Hebrew high school is only path

ï           Intensive Hebrew support

ï           Plan for university abroad if needed (use foreign credentials)

ï           Validate child's struggle (it IS hard)

Tips for Parents

Supporting Hebrew Learning:

At Home:

ï           Encourage Hebrew use (even broken Hebrew)

ï           Hebrew TV/movies (with English subtitles initially)

ï           Hebrew music

ï           Label items with Hebrew names

ï           Learn Hebrew together (family project)

ï           Celebrate progress

ï           Be patient with mistakes

Creating Opportunities:

ï           Israeli friends (arrange playdates)

ï           Hebrew-speaking activities (sports teams, music, art)

ï           Community center programs

ï           Hebrew conversation partners

ï           Youth movements (Bnei Akiva, HaNoar HaOved, Tzofim)

What NOT to Do:

ï           Compare to siblings or other kids (everyone learns at own pace)

ï           Pressure or criticize

ï           Speak only English at home (child needs immersion)

ï           Panic when child struggles (temporary)

ï           Pull child out of Hebrew school prematurely (give it time)

Balancing Languages:

Maintaining English:

ï           Important for family communication

ï           Academic advantages (bilingualism)

ï           Connection to extended family

ï           Future opportunities

How to Maintain:

ï           English at home

ï           English books/reading time

ï           English movies/TV occasionally

ï           Visits to English-speaking relatives

ï           English summer programs

ï           Writing/journaling in English

Hebrew Priority:

ï           Despite maintaining English, prioritize Hebrew for success in Israel

ï           Social integration requires Hebrew

ï           School success requires Hebrew

ï           Future opportunities in Israel require Hebrew

8.   SPECIAL EDUCATION AND SUPPORT SERVICES

Special Education in Israel

Overview

Terminology:

ï           Special Education: Chinuch Meyuchad (מיוחד חינוך)

ï           Learning Disabilities: Koshai Lemida (למידה קשיי)

ï           Individual Education Plan: Tochnit Limudim Aishit (אישית לימודים תכנית)

Israeli Approach:

ï           Inclusive education preferred

ï           Mainstream school with support services

ï           Separate special education schools for severe cases

ï           Legal right to appropriate education

Types of Support

Learning Support (Limudei Takana - תקנה לימודי)

For Students With:

ï           Learning disabilities (dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia)

ï           Attention difficulties (ADHD/ADD)

ï           Mild developmental delays

ï           Language processing issues

Services:

ï           Small group instruction

ï           Resource room

ï           Learning specialist support

ï           Modified curriculum

ï           Extended test time

ï           Assistive technology

Special Education Classes (Kitot Meyuchadot - מיוחדות כיתות)

For Students With:

ï           More significant learning disabilities

ï           Intellectual disabilities

ï           Autism spectrum disorders

ï           Multiple disabilities

Structure:

ï           Separate classroom within mainstream school

ï           Smaller class size (8-12 students)

ï           Specialized teacher

ï           Adapted curriculum

ï           Integration opportunities with mainstream

Special Education Schools (Batei Sefer Meyuchadim - מיוחדים ספר בתי)

For Students With:

ï           Severe disabilities

ï           Complex medical needs

ï           Profound developmental delays

ï           Multiple significant disabilities

Characteristics:

ï           Separate facilities

ï           Very small classes (4-8 students)

ï           Multi-disciplinary teams

ï           Therapeutic services on-site

ï           Transportation provided

ï           Extended school day

Assessment and Placement

Evaluation Process (Ibchun - איבחון)

Step 1: Referral

ï           Parent or teacher identifies concerns

ï           Request evaluation through school

ï           Contact school psychologist or counselor

Step 2: Initial Assessment

ï           School psychologist conducts screening

ï           Observations in classroom

ï           Teacher reports

ï           Parent interview

ï           Review of previous evaluations/records

Step 3: Comprehensive Evaluation

ï           If needed, comprehensive psycho-educational assessment (ibchun)

ï           Tests: IQ, achievement, processing, emotional/behavioral

ï           Conducted by licensed psychologist

ï           May take several sessions

ï           Detailed report provided

Step 4: Placement Committee (Va'adat Hasama - השמה ועדת)

ï           Multi-disciplinary team reviews evaluation

ï           Representatives: school, municipality, Ministry of Education, psychologist, parents

ï           Determines eligibility for services

ï           Decides on placement and supports

ï           Creates Individual Education Plan (Tochnit - תכנית)

Step 5: Implementation

ï           Services begin

ï           Regular monitoring

ï           Annual review

ï           Revisions as needed

Timeline:

ï           Initial assessment: 2-4 weeks

ï           Comprehensive evaluation: 2-3 months

ï           Placement committee: 1-2 months after evaluation

ï           **Total: 4-8 months **(can be frustrating for parents)

Services Available

Within Mainstream School:

Resource Room (Chadar Matara - מטרה חדר):

ï           Pull-out support

ï           Small group or individual

ï           Specific skill instruction

ï           Several hours per week

Learning Specialist (Mechanechet Yoetz - יועצת מחנכת):

ï           Works with student and teacher

ï           Strategies and accommodations

ï           Progress monitoring

Occupational Therapy (Rikudim - בעיסוק ריפוי):

ï           Fine motor skills

ï           Sensory integration

ï           Handwriting

Speech/Language Therapy (Diktur - דיקטור):

ï           Articulation

ï           Language development

ï           Communication skills

Counseling/Therapy:

ï           School psychologist

ï           Social worker

ï           Emotional/behavioral support

Aide/Shadow (Metapel/et - ת/מטפל):

ï           One-on-one support in classroom

ï           For students needing significant assistance

ï           Helps with tasks, behavior, transitions

Test Accommodations (Hatamat Manot - מבחן התאמות):

Available for Students with Documentation:

ï           Extended time (25-100% more)

ï           Separate room

ï           Reader/scribe

ï           Computer use

ï           Breaks

ï           Simplified language

ï           Other accommodations as needed

Applies to:

ï           Regular classroom tests

ï           Bagrut (matriculation exams)

ï           University entrance exams

Special Considerations for Immigrant Children

Distinguishing Language vs. Disability

Critical Issue:

ï           New immigrant struggling in school

ï           Is it language barrier or learning disability?

ï           Assessment can be challenging

Best Practice:

ï           Wait 1-2 years before full evaluation (allow time for language acquisition)

ï           Evaluate in native language if possible

ï           Non-verbal assessments

ï           Consider cultural factors

ï           Second opinion if unsure

Dual Language Challenges

Issues:

ï           Learning Hebrew while having learning disability

ï           Slower progress than typical immigrants

ï           May need more intensive support

ï           Risk of falling through cracks

Solutions:

ï           Early identification

ï           Intensive Hebrew support

ï           Special education services

ï           Native language support when possible

ï           Patience and modified expectations

Advocacy and Rights

Parents' Rights:

You Have the Right To:

ï           Request evaluation

ï           Participate in all meetings

ï           Receive reports in language you understand

ï           Disagree with decisions

ï           Request second opinion

ï           Appeal placement decisions

ï           Access your child's records

Organizations That Can Help:

ï           AKIM (ם"עקי) - Association for children and adults with intellectual disabilities

ï           Beit Issie Shapiro - Disabilities services

ï           Bizchut - Human rights center for people with disabilities

ï           ALUT - Israeli Society for Autistic Children

ï           Dyslexia Israel

ï           ADHD Israel

Finding English-Speaking Support:

Resources:

ï           AACI (Association of Americans & Canadians) - support groups

ï           Nefesh B'Nefesh - special needs department

ï           Facebook groups for parents of special needs children in Israel

ï           English-speaking educational psychologists

ï           Educational consultants specializing in immigrants

Private Evaluations and Services

When to Consider Private:

Reasons:

ï           Faster than public system

ï           Second opinion

ï           More thorough assessment

ï           English-language evaluation

ï           Specific specialists

Cost:

ï           Psycho-educational evaluation: ₪3,000-8,000 (~$810-2,160)

ï           Occupational therapy: ₪250-400/session (~$68-108)

ï           Speech therapy: ₪250-400/session (~$68-108)

ï           Private tutoring/therapy: ₪200-500/session (~$54-135)

Insurance:

ï           Some supplementary health insurance covers therapy

ï           Check policy

ï           Keep receipts for possible reimbursement

9.   HIGHER EDUCATION

Universities in Israel

Major Universities:

Hebrew University of Jerusalem:

ï           Oldest and most prestigious

ï           Broad range of programs

ï           Strong in humanities, sciences, social sciences

ï           Hebrew instruction (some English programs)

Tel Aviv University:

ï           Largest university

ï           Strong in sciences, medicine, law, business

ï           Urban location

ï           Hebrew instruction (some English programs)

Technion (Haifa):

ï           Israel's MIT

ï           Engineering, sciences, architecture

ï           World-renowned

ï           Hebrew instruction (graduate programs may be English)

Ben-Gurion University (Be'er Sheva):

ï           Younger, growing reputation

ï           Strong in desert studies, sciences, health

ï           Negev location

ï           More affordable living costs

Bar-Ilan University:

ï           Modern Orthodox affiliation

ï           Combines Jewish studies with secular academics

ï           Broad programs

ï           Religious atmosphere

University of Haifa:

ï           Diverse student body (Jews, Arabs)

ï           Beautiful campus

ï           Strong in sciences, education, social work

Weizmann Institute of Science (Rehovot):

ï           Graduate research only

ï           World-class science research

ï           Very selective

Open University:

ï           Distance learning

ï           Flexible for working adults

ï           No campus (online/regional centers)

Admission for Olim

Paths to Admission:

Option 1: Israeli Matriculation (Bagrut)

ï           If completed Israeli high school

ï           Bagrut certificate required

ï           Specific subject requirements vary by program

ï           Psychometric exam (similar to SAT) required

Option 2: Foreign Credentials

ï           If completed high school abroad

ï           SAT/ACT (American system)

ï           A-levels (British system)

ï           IB Diploma (International Baccalaureate)

ï           Baccalaureate (French system)

ï           Abitur (German system)

ï           Other recognized credentials

Requirements:

ï           Credential evaluation

ï           Minimum scores/grades

ï           English proficiency (if study in English)

ï           Hebrew proficiency (if study in Hebrew)

Hebrew Requirement

Most Programs:

ï           Taught in Hebrew

ï           Hebrew proficiency required

ï           Level: Sufficient for academic work

Assessment:

ï           Hebrew placement test (Yael test)

ï           OR completion of recognized ulpan

Preparatory Programs (Mechina - מכינה):

ï           Pre-academic year

ï           Intensive Hebrew

ï           Study skills

ï           Transition to university

ï           Duration: 1 year

ï           Highly recommended for olim

Mechina Programs:

ï           Offered by most universities

ï           Hebrew instruction plus intro courses

ï           Successful completion allows admission

ï           Cost: ₪10,000-20,000 (~$2,700-5,400)

Financial Considerations

Tuition Costs:

Undergraduate:

ï           ₪11,000-15,000/year (~$2,970-4,050)

ï           Very affordable compared to US/UK

ï           Varies by program (medicine, engineering more expensive)

Graduate:

ï           Master's: ₪15,000-30,000/year (~$4,050-8,100)

ï           PhD: Often funded (stipend provided)

**Note: **Israeli citizens and new immigrants pay Israeli rates (much lower than international students)

Financial Aid:

For New Immigrants:

ï           Tuition assistance programs

ï           Ministry of Aliyah scholarships

ï           University scholarships for olim

ï           Need-based grants

ï           Student loans (low interest)

Apply Through:

ï           University financial aid office

ï           Ministry of Aliyah

ï           Jewish Agency

ï           Nefesh B'Nefesh

Work-Study:

ï           On-campus jobs

ï           Research assistant positions

ï           Teaching assistant (graduate students)

International Programs (English)

Some Programs Taught in English:

ï           MBA programs

ï           Some graduate programs

ï           Medical school (Tel Aviv University - American program, expensive)

ï           Some sciences graduate programs

Cost:

ï           Often higher tuition than Hebrew programs

ï           International student rates may apply

ï           Check specific programs

10.   PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND TIPS

School Culture and Norms

Israeli School Culture (Different from West):

Informality:

ï           Teachers addressed by first name

ï           Casual relationships (students, teachers, parents)

ï           Less hierarchical

ï           Direct communication

Chutzpah:

ï           Assertiveness valued

ï           Students expected to speak up

ï           Debate and discussion encouraged

ï           Questioning authority acceptable

Class Participation:

ï           More chaotic than Western classrooms

ï           Talking out common

ï           Less raising hands

ï           Teacher manages chaos

Homework:

ï           Less homework than many Western countries

ï           Emphasis on rote learning decreasing

ï           Varies by school

Discipline:

ï           Less formal than Western schools

ï           Corporal punishment illegal

ï           Consequences vary

ï           Parent involvement expected

School Year Calendar

Major Holidays/Breaks:

**Rosh Hashanah (September): **2-4 days off **Yom Kippur (September/October): **1 day off **Sukkot (October): **~10 days off (includes Simchat Torah) **Chanukah (December): **School continues (some activities) **Purim (February/March): **1 day off (parties, costumes) **Passover (March/ April): **~10 days off **Independence Day (April/May): **1-2 days off **Lag B'Omer (May): **Field trips, bonfires **Shavuot (May/June): **1 day off **Summer Break (July-August): **8-9 weeks

**Note: **Jewish calendar is lunar, so dates vary yearly

Uniforms and Dress Codes

Varies by School:

Public Schools:

ï           Most require uniform or dress code

ï           Uniform: Specific shirt color/style, pants/skirt

ï           Cost: ₪200-500/year (~$54-135)

ï           Purchased at beginning of year

ï           Reduces socioeconomic visibility

Private/International Schools:

ï           Often more formal uniforms

ï           More expensive

High Schools:

ï           Many have uniforms

ï           Some allow regular clothes with guidelines

Religious Schools:

ï           Modest dress required

ï           Specific guidelines (skirt length, sleeve length, head covering)

Transportation

School Buses (Autobus Misrad HaChinuch - החינוך משרד אוטובוס):

Eligibility:

ï           Students living beyond certain distance from school

ï           Varies by municipality and age

ï           Often 2km+ from school

Cost:

ï           ₪200-400/month (~$54-108)

ï           Some subsidies available

Registration:

ï           Through school or municipality

ï           Early in summer before school year

ï           Spots limited

Public Transportation:

For Older Students:

ï           Bus, light rail (Jerusalem), train

ï           Student discount on Rav-Kav card

ï           Monthly student pass ~₪200 (~$54)

Driving/Carpool:

Common:

ï           Parents take turns driving groups of kids

ï           Carpool arrangements

ï           WhatsApp groups coordinate

Food and Meals

Lunch:

Most Common:

ï           Children bring packed lunch from home

ï           Eat in classroom or cafeteria

ï           30 minutes typically

School Cafeteria:

ï           Not universal like in US

ï           Some schools offer hot lunch (₪200-400/month)

ï           Often part of extended day program

What to Pack:

ï           Sandwiches

ï           Fruits/vegetables

ï           Snacks

ï           Drink

ï           Israeli lunch boxes common

**Note: **Check kashrut rules if religious school (dairy vs. meat, kosher products)

Parent Involvement

Expected Participation:

Communication:

ï           WhatsApp groups (parents of class)

ï           Teacher communications

ï           School announcements

ï           Be responsive

Volunteers:

ï           Field trip chaperones

ï           Class parties/celebrations

ï           End-of-year events

ï           Fundraisers

Parent Committee (Va'ad Horim - הורים ועד):

ï           Elected parent representatives

ï           Liaison with school administration

ï           Organize events

ï           Address issues

Involvement Expected:

ï           More involved than typical in US

ï           Classroom visits welcome

ï           Parent-teacher conferences

ï           Check children's homework/progress

Technology in Schools

Varies Widely:

ï           Some schools very tech-forward (tablets, computers)

ï           Others minimal technology

ï           Depends on school budget and philosophy

Digital Learning:

ï           Growing

ï           Online assignments

ï           Educational apps

ï           Digital textbooks (some schools)

Personal Devices:

ï           Phone policies vary (often not allowed in elementary)

ï           Bring your own device (BYOD) in some high schools

Summer Break (July-August)

Options During Summer:

Summer Camps (Kaitanot - קייטנות):

ï           Day camps very common

ï           Sports, arts, general

ï           Morning programs (8am-1pm) or full-day (8am-4pm)

ï           Cost: ₪1,500-4,000/month (~$405-1,080) per child

ï           Subsidies available for low-income families

Hebrew Intensive Programs:

ï           For immigrant children

ï           Combine fun and Hebrew learning

ï           Great for accelerating language

Travel:

ï           Many families travel abroad

ï           Visiting extended family

ï           2-month break allows extended trips

At Home:

ï           If parents working, need childcare solutions

ï           Babysitters

ï           Relatives

ï           Older siblings watch younger

Planning:

ï           Register for camps early (spring)

ï           Expensive for multiple children

ï           Budget accordingly

Challenges and How to Navigate Them

Challenge: Hebrew Barrier (Parents)

Issue:

ï           Parent doesn't speak Hebrew

ï           Cannot communicate with teachers

ï           Cannot help with homework

ï           Cannot read school materials

Solutions:

ï           Google Translate (imperfect but helps)

ï           Ask for English-speaking teacher/coordinator

ï           Connect with other English-speaking parents

ï           Hire translator for important meetings

ï           Learn Hebrew yourself (ulpan)

ï           Join parent WhatsApp groups (use translate)

ï           Request written communication (easier to translate than verbal)

Challenge: Child Struggling Socially

Issue:

ï           Cannot communicate with peers initially

ï           Feels isolated

ï           Lonely

ï           Not invited to birthday parties, etc.

Solutions:

ï           Arrange playdates (parent facilitates)

ï           Enroll in Hebrew-language activities (sports, music)

ï           Give it time (as Hebrew improves, friendships form)

ï           Maintain some English-speaking friendships (for emotional support)

ï           Talk to teacher (ask for buddy system)

ï           Counseling if needed

ï           Validate feelings ("I know this is hard")

ï           Emphasize temporary nature ("In a year you'll have friends")

Challenge: Academic Lag

Issue:

ï           Child falling behind in subjects due to Hebrew barrier

ï           Missing content while in ulpan

ï           Grades suffering

Solutions:

ï           Supplementary tutoring in native language (for core subjects)

ï           Accept temporary academic lag (Hebrew priority)

ï           Focus on long-term: Once Hebrew acquired, will catch up

ï           Communicate with school about concerns

ï           Request accommodations if available

ï           Lower expectations temporarily

ï           Consider repeating grade if severe (rare but option)

Challenge: Different Educational Philosophy

Issue:

ï           Israeli schools different from home country

ï           More informal, less structured

ï           Different teaching methods

ï           Parent uncomfortable with approach

Solutions:

ï           Educate yourself about Israeli system

ï           Recognize different doesn't mean worse

ï           Give it time (adjustment period)

ï           If truly incompatible, consider alternatives:

◦           Different school (within public system)

◦           Democratic school (if philosophy aligns)

◦           International school (if can afford)

◦           Homeschooling (not common in Israel but legal)

Challenge: Bureaucracy and Language

Issue:

ï           Registration forms in Hebrew

ï           Complex bureaucracy

ï           Difficult to navigate

Solutions:

ï           Ask for help (olim organizations, friends, social workers)

ï           Bring Hebrew-speaking friend to appointments

ï           Many officials speak some English (ask)

ï           Be persistent

ï           Prepare documents in advance

ï           Online translation tools

ï           Don't be intimidated (ask questions)

Success Stories and Encouragement

Reality Check:

First Year is Hardest:

ï           Adjustment period

ï           Language barrier

ï           Cultural differences

ï           Temporary struggles

Second Year Improves:

ï           Hebrew improves significantly

ï           Social integration begins

ï           Academic progress visible

ï           Confidence grows

Third Year: Turning Point:

ï           Often fully integrated by year 3

ï           Fluent in Hebrew

ï           Thriving socially and academically

ï           Hard to remember initial struggles

Thousands Have Done This Successfully:

ï           Millions of immigrant children have integrated into Israeli schools

ï           Short-term pain, long-term gain

ï           Children are resilient

ï           Hebrew fluency is priceless

ï           Israeli education produces successful adults

ï           Bilingualism is cognitive advantage

Parent Wisdom:

From Parents Who've Been Through It:

ï           "The first 6 months were brutal, but by end of year 1, my son was thriving"

ï           "Give it time. They surprise you with how quickly they adapt"

ï           "Don't panic when you see them struggling. It's temporary"

ï           "Best decision we made was putting them in Hebrew school despite fears"

ï           "They're fluent now and we can't imagine having done it differently"

ï           "The struggle made them stronger and more resilient"

ï           "Don't compare your child to others - every kid's timeline is different"

Resources and Support

Government Resources:

Ministry of Education:

ï           Website: education.gov.il

ï           Information for new immigrants

ï           School locator

ï           Regulations and rights

Ministry of Aliyah:

ï           School integration support

ï           Educational counseling

ï           Financial assistance programs

ï           Ulpan registration

Organizations:

Nefesh B'Nefesh:

ï           Education department

ï           School guidance

ï           Resources for parents

ï           Webinars on Israeli education

ï           Connection to other olim families

AACI (Association of Americans & Canadians):

ï           Educational support groups

ï           Parent meetups

ï           Information sessions

ï           Advocacy

Local Absorption Centers (Minhal Klita):

ï           Educational counseling

ï           Help with registration

ï           Connection to resources

ï           Financial assistance information

Online Communities:

Facebook Groups:

ï           "Olim Families - Education in Israel"

ï           "New Immigrant Parents Israel"

ï           "Anglo Parents in Israel"

ï           City-specific groups

ï           School-specific groups

Forums:

ï           Anglo-list.com

ï           Nefesh B'Nefesh forums

ï           Israel parenting groups

Books and Guides:

ï           "The Comprehensive Guide to Israeli Schools" (updated annually)

ï           "Making Aliyah with Children" guides

ï           Nefesh B'Nefesh educational resources

ï           Ministry of Education publications

Final Thoughts

Education and Hebrew learning are central to successful integration into Israeli society. The process can be challenging—navigating a new education system, in a new language, in a new country, while your children adjust and struggle. It requires patience, flexibility, advocacy, and faith that things will improve.

Key Principles:

For Adults Learning Hebrew:

ï           Intensive ulpan is invaluable

ï           Immersion is essential

ï           It takes years to achieve fluency

ï           But functional Hebrew is achievable

ï           Don't give up during difficult middle period

For Children in School:

ï           Younger children adapt faster

ï           Give them time to acquire Hebrew naturally

ï           Support without pressure

ï           Celebrate small victories

ï           Trust the process

ï           Seek help when needed

ï           Every child's timeline is unique

For Parents:

ï           Stay involved despite language barriers

ï           Advocate for your children

ï           Connect with other immigrant families

ï           Learn about Israeli education system

ï           Be patient with bureaucracy

ï           Maintain perspective (temporary struggle, permanent benefits)

ï           Trust that integration will happen

The Reward:

ï           Bilingual, bicultural children

ï           Deep integration into Israeli society

ï           Skills and experiences unique to immigrant experience

ï           Resilience and adaptability

ï           Pride in accomplishment

ï           Bright future in Israel

**Remember: **Millions of immigrant families have successfully navigated this path. The Israeli education system, despite its quirks and challenges, has absorbed generations of immigrants from over 100 countries. You can do this. Your children will thrive. The struggle is temporary, but the benefits—fluency in Hebrew, integration into Israeli society, and the richness of bilingual, bicultural identity—last a lifetime.

B'hatzlacha v'kol tuv! (Good luck and all the best!)

**Document Version: **2025

**Disclaimer: **Educational policies, programs, and regulations change frequently. This guide provides general information current as of 2025 but should not replace direct consultation with educational authorities, schools, and relevant professionals. Every child's situation is unique—seek personalized guidance when making important educational decisions.

Updated on: 02/02/2026